How does a 100m sprinter use the anaerobic system?

A 100m sprinter primarily relies on the anaerobic energy system, specifically the ATP-PCr (adenosine triphosphate-phosphocreatine) pathway, during the short, explosive duration of the race. This system provides immediate energy for high-intensity efforts lasting up to about 10 seconds, allowing the sprinter to accelerate rapidly and maintain peak speed. Since the 100m sprint is a high-intensity activity, it does not allow sufficient time for aerobic metabolism to contribute significantly. As a result, the sprinter's performance depends heavily on the rapid breakdown of stored energy in the muscles without the need for oxygen.