Do we have more rods or cones and why?

Humans have significantly more rods than cones in the retina, with approximately 120 million rods compared to about 6 million cones. Rods are more numerous because they are highly sensitive to light and are essential for night vision and peripheral vision, allowing us to see in low-light conditions. In contrast, cones are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light, which is why they are fewer in number. This distribution reflects the evolutionary adaptation to prioritize low-light vision for survival.