What is two clauses from the basis for the implied powers of Congress?

The basis for the implied powers of Congress primarily stems from the Necessary and Proper Clause and the Commerce Clause found in the U.S. Constitution. The Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18) grants Congress the ability to make laws that are necessary and proper for executing its enumerated powers. The Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) allows Congress to regulate interstate commerce, which has been interpreted broadly to expand federal authority over various economic activities. Together, these clauses provide a foundation for Congress to enact legislation beyond its explicitly listed powers.