How much does a credit check affect your credit score?

A credit check itself does not directly affect your credit score; however, the type of credit check matters. A "hard inquiry," which occurs when you apply for new credit, can lower your score by a few points temporarily. In contrast, a "soft inquiry," such as checking your own credit or a pre-approval, does not impact your score at all. Generally, hard inquiries remain on your credit report for two years, but their effect diminishes over time.