Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere, typically measured at sea level and approximately equal to 101.3 kPa (kilopascals) or 1 atm. Gauge pressure is the pressure measured relative to atmospheric pressure, meaning it excludes atmospheric pressure from its measurement; it can be positive or negative depending on whether the pressure is above or below atmospheric pressure. Absolute pressure, on the other hand, is the total pressure measured relative to a perfect vacuum, and is calculated by adding atmospheric pressure to gauge pressure. The relationship can be expressed as: Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure.
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