The House of Stuart was a royal dynasty that ruled Scotland and later England and Ireland from the late 16th century until the early 18th century, known for figures like Mary, Queen of Scots, and King James I. In contrast, the House of Windsor, established in 1917, is the current royal house of the United Kingdom, founded by King George V, who changed the family name from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to Windsor during World War I due to anti-German sentiment. While the Stuarts were known for their political and religious conflicts, the Windsors have focused on modernizing the monarchy and maintaining its relevance in contemporary society.
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