How does shielding effect decrease the force of electrostatic attractions between nucleus and outermost electrons?

The shielding effect occurs when inner-shell electrons partially block the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged nucleus and the outermost electrons. This results in a reduced effective nuclear charge experienced by the outer electrons, as they are repelled by the inner electrons. Consequently, the strength of the electrostatic attraction diminishes, making it easier for outer electrons to be removed or to participate in bonding. As a result, the outermost electrons are less tightly held by the nucleus.