What does the electroencephalogram EEG measure?

An electroencephalogram (EEG) measures the electrical activity of the brain by placing electrodes on the scalp. It captures voltage fluctuations resulting from the collective activity of neurons, allowing for the analysis of brain waves and rhythms. EEG is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and other neurological issues. Additionally, it can be used in research to study brain function during various cognitive tasks.