How do stockholders control and manage the corporation?

Stockholders control and manage a corporation primarily through their voting rights, which allow them to elect the board of directors responsible for overseeing the company's management. They can influence major corporate decisions, such as mergers or changes in corporate policy, during annual meetings or special meetings where shareholder votes are cast. Additionally, stockholders can express their opinions and concerns through shareholder proposals and by engaging in discussions with management. Ultimately, their ability to buy or sell shares also provides a check on corporate performance, as stock prices reflect investor confidence.