Who gained and who lost because of Italy control of trade in the mediterranean?

Italy's control of trade in the Mediterranean during various historical periods primarily benefited Italian city-states like Venice and Genoa, which became wealthy and powerful through trade routes and maritime commerce. These city-states gained economic dominance and cultural influence, facilitating a flourishing of arts and architecture. Conversely, this control often marginalized other Mediterranean powers, such as the Ottoman Empire and North African states, which lost access to lucrative trade routes and economic opportunities, leading to their decline in influence during certain periods.