What is the relationship among assurance attestation and auditing?

Assurance, attestation, and auditing are interconnected concepts in the field of accounting and finance. Assurance refers to the overall process of providing confidence in the reliability of information, which can be achieved through various services, including attestation and auditing. Attestation is a specific type of assurance service where an independent practitioner evaluates and reports on the reliability of a subject matter, such as financial statements, based on established criteria. Auditing, a subset of attestation, involves a systematic examination of financial records to ensure accuracy and compliance with accounting standards, ultimately providing assurance to stakeholders.