Max Weber, a German sociologist, traced the emergence of capitalism to the Protestant Reformation, particularly the Calvinist branch of Protestantism. In his seminal work "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism," Weber argued that the religious values of hard work, frugality, and a sense of calling fostered a conducive environment for capitalist development. He suggested that these Protestant ethics contributed to the formation of a rational economic system distinct from previous economic practices.
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