What is the meaning of the term urbanization?

Urbanization refers to the process by which an increasing percentage of a population moves from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities. This phenomenon typically involves changes in land use, economic activities, and social structures, as people seek better employment, education, and living conditions. Urbanization can lead to both opportunities and challenges, such as improved infrastructure and services, but also issues like overcrowding, pollution, and social inequality.