The Spaniards built a variety of structures during their colonization efforts, including mission churches, forts, and haciendas. Mission churches, such as those in California and the Southwest, were designed to convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity and often featured distinctive Spanish architectural styles. Forts, like the Castillo de San Marcos in Florida, served to protect colonies from invasions. Haciendas were large estates that functioned as agricultural centers, reflecting the economic aspects of Spanish colonial life.
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