NASA primarily uses the S-band (2 to 4 GHz), X-band (8 to 12 GHz), and Ka-band (26.5 to 40 GHz) frequencies for communication and data transmission with spacecraft. The choice of frequency depends on the mission requirements, such as the distance from Earth and the amount of data being transmitted. The X-band is commonly used for deep space missions, while the Ka-band supports higher data rates for missions closer to Earth.
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