What are some of the things the sailors saw which made them think they were near land?

The sailors observed several signs that indicated they were close to land, including the presence of seabirds flying overhead, which often nest near shorelines. They also noticed changes in the water’s color and clarity, suggesting shallower depths and the possible presence of underwater vegetation. Additionally, the sight of drifting debris, such as branches or seaweed, hinted at proximity to coastal areas. These clues collectively led them to believe they were nearing land.