Who does cole blame for his banishment on the island in Touching Spirit Bear?

In "Touching Spirit Bear," Cole Matthews blames his circumstances and his abusive father for his banishment to the island. He believes that his father's violence and lack of support have shaped his behavior and led him to act out violently. This sense of victimization initially prevents him from taking responsibility for his actions and contributes to his anger and resentment. However, as the story progresses, Cole begins to confront these feelings and ultimately seeks personal growth and healing.