How does bronchiolitis affect the resiratory system?

Bronchiolitis is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects the small airways (bronchioles) in the lungs, typically caused by viral infections, most commonly respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This inflammation leads to swelling and increased mucus production, resulting in narrowed airways that can obstruct airflow. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing, which can significantly impact oxygen exchange and overall respiratory function. In severe cases, especially in infants, it may lead to respiratory distress and the need for medical intervention.