How were villages organised in pre European times?

In pre-European times, villages were typically organized around a central communal area, often featuring a marketplace or gathering place. Social structures were usually based on kinship and clan systems, with leadership roles often held by elders or chiefs. The economy was primarily agrarian, relying on farming, hunting, and gathering, which dictated the layout and spatial organization of homes and communal resources. Additionally, cultural and spiritual practices often influenced the arrangement of villages, reflecting the community's identity and beliefs.