What is a interest- rate effect?

The interest-rate effect refers to the impact that changes in interest rates have on consumer spending and investment. When interest rates rise, borrowing costs increase, leading to reduced consumer spending and lower business investments, which can slow economic growth. Conversely, lower interest rates make borrowing cheaper, encouraging spending and investment, thereby stimulating economic activity. This effect is a key component in monetary policy, as central banks adjust rates to influence economic conditions.