What two countries led the age of exploration?

The two countries that led the Age of Exploration were Portugal and Spain. Portugal, under the leadership of figures like Prince Henry the Navigator, focused on maritime exploration along the African coast and the establishment of trade routes to India and the Spice Islands. Spain, driven by explorers such as Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan, sought new territories in the Americas and across the Pacific. Together, their efforts significantly expanded European knowledge of the world and facilitated global trade.