Mao Zedong, the founding father of the People's Republic of China, is often associated with several significant atrocities, most notably the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The Great Leap Forward (1958-1962) aimed to rapidly industrialize China and resulted in widespread famine, leading to an estimated 15 to 45 million deaths. The Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) sought to purge remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society, resulting in political persecution, social upheaval, and millions of deaths and imprisonments. These campaigns epitomize Mao's authoritarian rule and the devastating human costs of his policies.
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