What are the basic input and output of c and c plus plus?

That is STANDARD input and STANDARD output.

By default, standard input is the keyboard, and standard output is the screen. Standard I/O is set by the operating system, though it may be redirected by script invocation or system commands within the C/C++ program itself. You could, for instance, set standard output to a printer or a file in lieu of a screen.

You should also google Standard Error.