What is the downfall of the mercantilism theory?

The downfall of Mercantilism Theory was the acceptance of Adam Smith's 'Wealth of Nations' as the foundation of modern economics. Smith believed Mercantilism formed a negative consumer environment, based on collusion between industry and government. He felt that if free trade were implemented, it benefited all parties. The publication of 'Wealth of Nations' ended the period of Mercantilism.