What were the driving forces of European expansion?

The driving forces of European expansion included economic motives, such as the desire for new trade routes and access to valuable resources like spices and precious metals. Additionally, political factors, including the competition among European powers for territorial dominance, played a significant role. Technological advancements in navigation and shipbuilding also enabled longer sea voyages. Lastly, religious factors, particularly the spread of Christianity, motivated some nations to expand their influence and convert indigenous populations.