Why were mercantilist policies that limited trade unwise?

Mercantilist policies that limited trade were unwise because they stifled economic growth by restricting market opportunities and competition. Such policies often led to inefficiencies, as domestic industries were shielded from foreign competition, resulting in higher prices and lower quality goods for consumers. Additionally, by prioritizing national interests over global trade, countries could miss out on beneficial exchanges and innovations that arise from open markets, ultimately hindering overall economic development.