Do Jewish women wear head scarves?

Only the Orthodox Jewish women wear headscarves. Some Orthodox Jewish women prefer to wear wigs rather than headscarves.

Some non-Orthodox women will wear a kerchief over their hair when attending a synagogue service.

The reason for a woman covering her hair is modesty. The hair is seen as a thing of beauty (Talmud, Berakhot 24a), not to be exposed to passers-by.