In the context of emerging and developing economies in Central and Eastern Europe which of the foloowing is a pervasive challenge in Russia?

In the context of emerging and developing economies in Central and Eastern Europe, a pervasive challenge in Russia is the lack of political and economic transparency, which undermines investor confidence and stifles entrepreneurship. Corruption remains widespread, affecting both public and private sectors, and creating barriers to fair competition. Additionally, the heavy reliance on Natural Resources makes the economy vulnerable to global price fluctuations, hampering sustainable growth. These factors collectively hinder Russia's ability to fully integrate into the global economy and diversify its economic base.