What are bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells?

Bipolar cells are intermediate neurons in the retina that transmit signals from photoreceptors (rods and cones) to retinal ganglion cells. They play a crucial role in processing visual information by integrating inputs from multiple photoreceptors. Retinal ganglion cells are the final output neurons of the retina, sending visual information to the brain via their axons, which form the optic nerve. Together, these cells are essential for converting light into electrical signals that the brain interprets as visual images.