How did the Nation of Islam differ in their approaches to achieving racial equality?

The Nation of Islam (NOI) differed in its approach to achieving racial equality by advocating for Black self-sufficiency, separation from white society, and a distinct cultural identity, rather than integration. While other civil rights movements focused on integration and equality within existing societal structures, the NOI emphasized the creation of an independent Black community and often employed religious rhetoric to promote its vision. Leaders like Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X highlighted self-determination and empowerment through economic and social independence, contrasting with the more mainstream civil rights strategies of the time.