In 1300, most people lived in rural areas and resided in simple, thatched-roof cottages made of wood or stone, with earth floors and a central hearth for cooking and heating. Peasants typically lived in small, one-room homes shared with family and livestock. In contrast, wealthier individuals and nobility occupied larger stone houses or castles with multiple rooms, fortified structures, and more elaborate furnishings. Towns and cities also began to emerge, featuring timber-framed houses and communal spaces.
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