Who fought to free Jerusalem during crusades?

During the Crusades, various leaders and armies fought to free Jerusalem, notably including Godfrey of Bouillon, who led the First Crusade and became one of its key figures in capturing the city in 1099. Other prominent leaders included Richard the Lionheart during the Third Crusade, who fought against Saladin, the Muslim leader who recaptured Jerusalem in 1187. The conflict over Jerusalem involved numerous battles and shifts in control between Christian and Muslim forces throughout the Crusades.