How did people build building without modern tools?

Before modern tools, people relied on simple yet effective techniques and natural materials to construct buildings. They used hand tools made from stone, wood, and bone, employing methods like levers, ramps, and scaffolding to move heavy materials. Knowledge of local resources and techniques, along with teamwork and ingenuity, allowed ancient builders to create enduring structures that often reflected their cultural and environmental contexts. This craftsmanship was often passed down through generations, ensuring the continuation of skills and methods.