Why are control panels used in substation?

Substation is the place (in transmission of power with overhead/underground cable) where the voltage level may be increased or decreased. That voltage level is so high that any personnel on its own cannot check/handle it by meters physically. Also the load on the system is never constant so there are fluctuations (ups/downs) in all the parameters of the electricity, like voltage, current, power factor (reactive and active power), frequency etc. So to calculate/estimate those things continuously with the time we need to implement separate monitors for them. This also implies that if any unacceptable change is observed in the power system, it should be immediately solved and continuity of power should be kept. That is the reason we go for control panels in substation.

Now in control panels there are all the those things which are required for the measurement of voltage, current total power, frequency, power factor. These are measured at all time of the day. If any fault is observed in the measured readings, then it is cleared immediately, and if it is not able to clear it itself, then the personnel on the substation can clear it by switching off the certain power line through circuit breakers. CBs, relays, CTs, PTs, APFC all are incorporated in control panels.

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