Why were people poor in the 16th century?

People in the 16th century faced poverty due to a combination of factors, including limited economic opportunities, heavy taxation, and the effects of wars and political instability. Agricultural difficulties, such as poor harvests and feudal obligations, often left rural populations struggling. Additionally, the rise of mercantilism created wealth disparities, concentrating resources among the elite while many laborers and peasants remained impoverished. Social mobility was also restricted, making it challenging for individuals to escape poverty.