Axodendritic synapses occur between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron, while axosomatic synapses occur between the axon terminal and the cell body (soma) of another neuron. In terms of structure, axodendritic synapses are more common and allow for communication between neurons, while axosomatic synapses are less common and are involved in regulating the firing of the postsynaptic neuron.
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