Is there a dowry required for the male of female to be given in marriage Who pays the dowry?

That is a 'depends' answer.
The origins of who pays depends on the outlook. It breaks down thus:
Wife's Family pays: The father is paying an added thank you for the groom taking the bride out of the household so that food and living expenses are less, and to add to their beginning life so that the bride might have a home or better home.
Husband ('s Family) Pays: To prove that he can provide for the bride, and to give the bride something to fall back on should the marriage fail [also provides for her should the marriage fail since the thought is it would ruin her chances for marriage, having been rejected once already].

AND origin of country effects the answer .... want to be traditional? Pick one and enjoy :D