How did the second continental congress become an acting government of the 13 colonies?

The Second Continental Congress emerged in May 1775 as a response to escalating tensions with Britain, particularly after the battles of Lexington and Concord. It gradually took on governmental functions by organizing the colonial war effort, establishing an army, and appointing George Washington as its commander. Additionally, it began to manage foreign relations and finance, effectively operating as a de facto national government. By issuing the Declaration of Independence in 1776, it solidified its role as the legitimate authority for the thirteen colonies.