Why are trade restrictions still widespread?

Trade restrictions remain widespread due to a variety of factors, including the desire to protect domestic industries and jobs from foreign competition, safeguard national security, and address trade imbalances. Governments often implement tariffs, quotas, and subsidies to support local businesses and industries considered vital for economic stability. Additionally, political considerations and lobbying by affected industries can lead to sustained protectionist measures. Global economic uncertainties and geopolitical tensions further reinforce the use of trade restrictions as countries seek to shield their economies from external shocks.