Why are rbcs short lived?

Red blood cells (RBCs) are short-lived, typically around 120 days, due to their lack of nuclei and organelles, which limits their ability to repair and regenerate. As they age, they accumulate damage from oxidative stress and mechanical wear from circulation. Additionally, their primary function is to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, which creates wear on their membranes. Eventually, they are removed from circulation by the spleen and liver, where macrophages recycle their components.