What are the two approaches and techniques in budgeting?

The two primary approaches to budgeting are incremental budgeting and zero-based budgeting. Incremental budgeting adjusts previous budgets by a percentage, making it easier for organizations to predict future expenses based on historical data. In contrast, zero-based budgeting starts from a "zero base," requiring all expenses to be justified for each new period, promoting a more efficient allocation of resources. Each technique has its advantages, depending on the organization's needs and financial goals.