The highest rank of nobility in Great Britain is that of Sovereign, meaning King or Queen Regnant. Queen Elizabeth II is the ruling monarch of Britain, and therefore holds this position. The Queen is addressed as "Her/Your Royal Majesty," abbreviated to HRM in writing.
The next-highest rank is the Sovereign's Consort, in this case Prince Philip. Typically, the Consort is the wife of the King, therefore becoming the Queen Consort (different from Queen Regnant). A Queen Consort is addressed as "Her/Your Royal Majesty," the same as a King or Queen Regnant; however, Prince Philip is addressed as "His/Your Royal Highness," in keeping with his title of Prince.
Prince/Princess, the next rank, refers to many members of the Royal Family. Certain members "outrank" other members based on order of succession to the throne (the Prince of Wales is next-in-line, and as such is given precedence over all other Family members except Her Majesty and Prince Philip, his father). Princes and Princesses are addressed as "His/Her/Your Royal Highness."
The remaining ranks are listed below in order of precedence.
Duke/Duchess
Marquess/Marchioness
Earl/Countess
Viscount/Viscountess
Baron/Baroness
Baronet/Baronetess
Knight/Dame
It is important to note that Princes in Britain are normally given a ducal title upon marriage. However, instead of being addressed as "Your Grace" (as is traditional for Dukes and Duchesses), they are still addressed as "Your Royal Highness," because their status as a Prince or Princess outranks their given title of Duke or Duchess.
Dukes, Marquesses, and Earls are typically addressed as "Your Grace." Viscounts and Barons are typically addressed as "Lord" or "Lady," or "Your Lordship/Ladyship" in direct conversation. Baronets and Knights are addressed as "Sir" or "Lady" (or "Dame" for a woman granted a Knighthood or Baronetcy, but not for the wife of a Knight or Baronet).
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