How do you calculate the sustainability of a material?

The sustainability of a material takes into consideration:

• The size of its carbon footprint, which is measured by some of the following:
• Whether the material is renewable or not
  
• The amount of energy used to produce it (carbon dioxide emissions)
• The amount of water used to produce it
• The amount of carbon emissions from its transport
• Its longevity. Is it used once and then thrown away, or is it used over and over?