Lipolysis, the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol, is primarily influenced by hormones. Catecholamines (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) and glucagon increase lipolysis by activating hormone-sensitive lipase. Conversely, insulin decreases lipolysis by inhibiting hormone-sensitive lipase and promoting the storage of fats. Additionally, elevated levels of insulin in the bloodstream signal the body to store rather than break down fat.
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