Most stars lie along the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram, which runs diagonally from the top left (hot, luminous stars) to the bottom right (cool, dim stars). This region accounts for about 90% of all stars, including our Sun, as they spend the majority of their lifetimes fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores. The main sequence is characterized by a balance between gravitational collapse and the outward pressure from nuclear fusion.
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