The defeat and abdication of Napoleon occurred in 1814 after a series of military setbacks, culminating in the disastrous Russian campaign of 1812. Following his defeat by the Sixth Coalition, he was forced to abdicate on April 6, 1814, and was exiled to the island of Elba. France then returned to a monarchy under Louis XVIII, but Napoleon escaped from Elba in 1815, leading to the Hundred Days campaign before his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo. After this, he was exiled again, this time to Saint Helena, where he spent the remainder of his life.
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