How is information transferred from one neuron to the other at the synapse?

Information is transferred from one neuron to another at the synapse through the release of neurotransmitters. When an electrical signal, or action potential, reaches the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters stored in vesicles into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters then bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron's membrane, leading to changes in its membrane potential and potentially generating a new action potential. This process allows the transmission of signals between neurons, facilitating communication throughout the nervous system.