The scientist that is most often credited with the discovery of Oxygen is Joseph Priestly. Priestly experimented by placing mice in sealed jars. He noticed they would collapse over time. Once he slipped a piece of mint inside and the plant revived the mouse. He then realized that plants must have been releasing something (oxygen) to revitalize the air. Another scientist who discovered oxygen was Carl Wilhelm Sheele. He found that upon heating mercuric oxide, silver carbonate, magnesium nitrate, and potassium nitrate, the same was released (oxygen). He called this fire air because he noticed sparks being produced when the gas was mixed with charcoal dust. Finally, there is Antoine Laurent Lavoisier. Lavoisier also discovered oxygen, as a means to debunking the existence of phlogiston, a mysterious material used in combustion. Lavoisier heated Mercury a powdery substance formed. Then he heated the powder until it gave off a gas. Lavoisier concluded that combustion resulted from a chemical reaction with gas and not the mysterious phlogiston. He called this gas oxygen because of its ability to create acids.
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