What muscles does the back squat work and how can they be effectively targeted during the exercise?

The back squat primarily works the quadriceps, hamstrings, glutes, and lower back muscles. To effectively target these muscles during the exercise, focus on maintaining proper form, such as keeping your chest up, pushing through your heels, and engaging your core. Additionally, using a full range of motion and progressively increasing the weight can help to further target and strengthen these muscles.