How did Italian leaders view the peace settlement that ended world war 1?

Italian leaders were largely dissatisfied with the Treaty of Saint-Germain and the Treaty of Versailles, perceiving them as a betrayal of their wartime sacrifices and promises. Despite being on the winning side, they felt that Italy did not receive the territorial gains it had been promised in the Treaty of London (1915), leading to a sense of "mutilated victory." This discontent fueled nationalist sentiments and contributed to the rise of fascism in Italy. Overall, the peace settlement was seen as a failure to fulfill Italy's aspirations for greater power and influence in Europe.